TED | 每个人都有一根善良神经
演讲简介
本期TED的演讲者是畅销心理学著作《情商》的作者丹尼尔·戈尔曼，让我们一起听听他解析为什么我们有时候不那么的有同情心。
演讲精彩片段（节选）欣赏
There was a very important study done awhile ago at Princeton Theological Seminary that speaks to why it is that when all of us have so many opportunities to help, we do sometimes, and we don't other times. A group of divinity students at the Princeton Theological Seminary were told that they were going to give a practice sermon and they were each given a sermon topic.
不久前有一项非常重要的研究在普林斯顿神学院展开，解释了为什么在我们有如此多的机会可以去助人的情况下我们却时而帮忙，有时不会来自普林斯顿神学院的学生被告知他们将进行一次布道实习并且分配给每人一个布道的主题。
Half of those students were given, as a topic, the parable of the Good Samaritan: the man who stopped the stranger in -- to help the stranger in need by the side of the road. Half were given random Bible topics. Then one by one, they were told they had to go to another building and give their sermon. As they went from the first building to the second, each of them passed a man who was bent over and moaning, clearly in need. The question is: Did they stop to help?
一半的学生得到的主题是关于仁慈心善的人的故事：关于一个在路边帮助需要帮助的陌生人的故事，另外的一半学生得到的是随机的圣经故事，他们轮流被告知他们将去另外一栋楼去布道，在他们去那栋楼的途中，他们每个人都经过了一个弯着腰呻吟着的人，显然此人需要帮助。问题是：他们停下来帮忙了么？
The more interesting question is: Did it matter they were contemplating the parable of the Good Samaritan? Answer: No,not at all. What turned out to determine whether someone would stop and help a stranger in need was how much of a hurry they thought they were in -- were they feeling they were late, or were they absorbed in what they were going to talk about. And this is, I think, the predicament of our lives: that we don't take every opportunity to help because our focus is in the wrong direction.
更有意思的问题是：若他们的主题是关于那个仁慈心善的人的故事对他们的行为有影响吗？结果：一点都没有影响。决定了是否会停下来去帮助有需要的陌生人完全取决于他们自认为的忙碌程度他们感到自己要迟到了，或者是他们全神贯注于他们所要谈的内容这，我想，就是我们人生的窘境：我们并不总是去帮助他人，因为我们的关注点存在偏差。
There's a new field in brain science,social neuroscience. This studies the circuitry in two people's brains that activates while they interact. And the new thinking about compassion from social neuroscience is that our default wiring is to help. That is to say, if we attend to the other person, we automatically empathize, we automatically feel with them. There are these newly identified neurons, mirror neurons, that act like a neuro Wi-Fi, activating in our brain exactly the areas activated in theirs. We feel "with" automatically. And if that person is in need,if that person is suffering, we're automatically prepared to help. At least that's the argument.
脑科学有一新领域：社会神经科学研究的是人的脑神经元回路在互动过程中激活及关于来自社会神经科学的同情心的新想法是我们这也就是说，如果我们我们不由自主地感动身受，会去同情对方。新发现的神经元，即镜像神经元就好像神经无线保真技术一样，在大脑中激活与对方大脑里相同的区域。我们不由自主地与对方“心心相映”了。若是那个人需要帮助，若是他正承受痛苦，我们不由自主地要去帮他。至少这是论点。
But then the question is: Why don't we? And I think this speaks to a spectrum that goes from complete self-absorption, to noticing, to empathy and to compassion. And the simple fact is, if we are focused on ourselves, if we're preoccupied, as we so often are throughout the day, we don't really fully notice the other. And this difference between the self and the other focus can be very subtle.
可问题是：为什么我们会不去帮忙呢?我认为这有一个范围从完全的专心致志到注意对方，再到感同身受，最后同情简单的事实是如果我们关注我们自己如果我们像通常一样一整天都更多的关注自身的话我们实际上并没有完全注意到他人这种对自己和对他人的关注度的差距可能是非常细微。
I was doing my taxes the other day, and I got to the point where I was listing all of the donations I gave, and I had an epiphany, it was -- I came to my check to the Seva Foundation and I noticed that I thought, boy, my friend Larry Brilliant would really be happy that I gave money to Seva.
有一天我在纳税，当我要列出我的捐赠物时我在写支票给Seva基金会时，我留意到我的想法——我的朋友Larry Brilliant一定会因我把钱捐给Seva而感到高兴的。
Then I realized that what I was getting from giving was an arcissistic hit -- that I felt good about myself. Then I started to think about the people in the Himalayas whose cataracts would be helped, and I realized that I went from this kind of narcissistic self-focus to altruistic joy, to feeling good for the people that were being helped. I think that's a motivator.
于是我意识到我因给予而获得的是自我陶醉——我对自己感到满意于是我开始想到在喜马拉雅山脉的人们他们的白内障将得到医治，我意识到我从这种自我陶醉变成了无私的快乐，因别人受助而快乐。我想这就是一种动力。
